The above map is an example of a cartogram in which the normal standard of measurement for distance or area is replaced by another unit of measurement. They also show quantitative differences by changing the size of geographic norms according to the proportion of the geographic units property. There are two types of cartograms. One stretches and distorts its boundaries while the other type scales the boundaries of each unit according to its rank with others. The map above is an area cartogram of the U.S. where each state is scaled according to its population. The colors (shading) in the map measure the number or percent of democrats and republicans nationwide.
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